Re: [PATCH V3 19/19] virtio_ring: add in order support

[Michael S. Tsirkin]

On Mon, Jun 16, 2025 at 04:25:17PM +0800, Jason Wang wrote:
> This patch implements in order support for both split virtqueue and
> packed virtqueue.

I'd like to see more motivation for this work, documented.
It's not really performance, not as it stands, see below:

> 
> Benchmark with KVM guest + testpmd on the host shows:
> 
> For split virtqueue: no obvious differences were noticed
> 
> For packed virtqueue:
> 
> 1) RX gets 3.1% PPS improvements from 6.3 Mpps to 6.5 Mpps
> 2) TX gets 4.6% PPS improvements from 8.6 Mpps to 9.0 Mpps
>

That's a very modest improvement for a lot of code.
I also note you put in some batching just for in-order.
Which could also explain the gains maybe?
What if you just put in a simple implementation with no
batching tricks? do you still see a gain?
Does any hardware implement this? Maybe that can demonstrate
bigger gains.

 
> Signed-off-by: Jason Wang <jasowang@xxxxxxxxxx>
> ---
>  drivers/virtio/virtio_ring.c | 423 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--
>  1 file changed, 402 insertions(+), 21 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/drivers/virtio/virtio_ring.c b/drivers/virtio/virtio_ring.c
> index 27a9459a0555..21d456392ba0 100644
> --- a/drivers/virtio/virtio_ring.c
> +++ b/drivers/virtio/virtio_ring.c
> @@ -70,11 +70,14 @@
>  enum vq_layout {
>  	SPLIT = 0,
>  	PACKED,
> +	SPLIT_IN_ORDER,
> +	PACKED_IN_ORDER,
>  	VQ_TYPE_MAX,
>  };
>  
>  struct vring_desc_state_split {
>  	void *data;			/* Data for callback. */
> +	u32 total_len;			/* Buffer Length */
>  
>  	/* Indirect desc table and extra table, if any. These two will be
>  	 * allocated together. So we won't stress more to the memory allocator.
> @@ -84,6 +87,7 @@ struct vring_desc_state_split {
>  
>  struct vring_desc_state_packed {
>  	void *data;			/* Data for callback. */
> +	u32 total_len;			/* Buffer Length */
>  
>  	/* Indirect desc table and extra table, if any. These two will be
>  	 * allocated together. So we won't stress more to the memory allocator.

We are bloating up the cache footprint for everyone,
so there's a chance of regressions.
Pls include benchmark for in order off, to make sure we
are not regressing.
How big was the ring?
Worth trying with a biggish one, where there is more cache
pressure.


Why not have a separate state for in-order?



> @@ -206,6 +210,12 @@ struct vring_virtqueue {
>  
>  	/* Head of free buffer list. */
>  	unsigned int free_head;
> +
> +	/* Head of the batched used buffers, vq->num means no batching */
> +	unsigned int batch_head;
> +
> +	unsigned int batch_len;
> +

Are these two only used for in-order? Please document that.
I also want some documentation about the batching trickery
used please.
What is batched, when, how is batching flushed, why are we
only batching in-order ...




>  	/* Number we've added since last sync. */
>  	unsigned int num_added;
>  
> @@ -256,10 +266,14 @@ static void vring_free(struct virtqueue *_vq);
>  
>  #define to_vvq(_vq) container_of_const(_vq, struct vring_virtqueue, vq)
>  
> -
>  static inline bool virtqueue_is_packed(const struct vring_virtqueue *vq)
>  {
> -	return vq->layout == PACKED;
> +	return vq->layout == PACKED || vq->layout == PACKED_IN_ORDER;
> +}
> +
> +static inline bool virtqueue_is_in_order(const struct vring_virtqueue *vq)
> +{
> +	return vq->layout == SPLIT_IN_ORDER || vq->layout == PACKED_IN_ORDER;
>  }
>  
>  static bool virtqueue_use_indirect(const struct vring_virtqueue *vq,
> @@ -570,7 +584,7 @@ static inline int virtqueue_add_split(struct vring_virtqueue *vq,
>  	struct vring_desc_extra *extra;
>  	struct scatterlist *sg;
>  	struct vring_desc *desc;
> -	unsigned int i, n, c, avail, descs_used, err_idx;
> +	unsigned int i, n, c, avail, descs_used, err_idx, total_len = 0;


I would add a comment here:

/* Total length for in-order */
unsigned int total_len = 0;

>  	int head;
>  	bool indirect;
>  
> @@ -646,6 +660,7 @@ static inline int virtqueue_add_split(struct vring_virtqueue *vq,
>  			i = virtqueue_add_desc_split(vq, desc, extra, i, addr, len,
>  						     flags,
>  						     premapped);
> +			total_len += len;
>  		}
>  	}
>  	for (; n < (out_sgs + in_sgs); n++) {




> @@ -665,6 +680,7 @@ static inline int virtqueue_add_split(struct vring_virtqueue *vq,
>  			 */
>  			i = virtqueue_add_desc_split(vq, desc, extra, i, addr, len,
>  						     flags, premapped);
> +			total_len += len;
>  		}
>  	}
>  
> @@ -687,7 +703,12 @@ static inline int virtqueue_add_split(struct vring_virtqueue *vq,
>  	vq->vq.num_free -= descs_used;
>  
>  	/* Update free pointer */
> -	if (indirect)
> +	if (virtqueue_is_in_order(vq)) {
> +		vq->free_head += descs_used;
> +		if (vq->free_head >= vq->split.vring.num)
> +			vq->free_head -= vq->split.vring.num;
> +		vq->split.desc_state[head].total_len = total_len;;
> +	} else if (indirect)
>  		vq->free_head = vq->split.desc_extra[head].next;
>  	else
>  		vq->free_head = i;
> @@ -860,6 +881,14 @@ static bool more_used_split(const struct vring_virtqueue *vq)
>  	return virtqueue_poll_split(vq, vq->last_used_idx);
>  }
>  
> +static bool more_used_split_in_order(const struct vring_virtqueue *vq)
> +{
> +	if (vq->batch_head != vq->packed.vring.num)
> +		return true;
> +
> +	return virtqueue_poll_split(vq, vq->last_used_idx);
> +}
> +
>  static void *virtqueue_get_buf_ctx_split(struct vring_virtqueue *vq,
>  					 unsigned int *len,
>  					 void **ctx)
> @@ -917,6 +946,73 @@ static void *virtqueue_get_buf_ctx_split(struct vring_virtqueue *vq,
>  	return ret;
>  }
>  
> +static void *virtqueue_get_buf_ctx_split_in_order(struct vring_virtqueue *vq,
> +						  unsigned int *len,
> +						  void **ctx)
> +{
> +	void *ret;
> +	unsigned int num = vq->split.vring.num;
> +	u16 last_used;
> +
> +	START_USE(vq);
> +
> +	if (unlikely(vq->broken)) {
> +		END_USE(vq);
> +		return NULL;
> +	}
> +
> +	last_used = (vq->last_used_idx & (vq->split.vring.num - 1));
> +
> +	if (vq->batch_head == num) {
> +		if (!more_used_split(vq)) {
> +			pr_debug("No more buffers in queue\n");
> +			END_USE(vq);
> +			return NULL;
> +		}
> +
> +		/* Only get used array entries after they have been
> +		 * exposed by host. */
> +		virtio_rmb(vq->weak_barriers);
> +		vq->batch_head = virtio32_to_cpu(vq->vq.vdev,
> +				 vq->split.vring.used->ring[last_used].id);
> +		vq->batch_len = virtio32_to_cpu(vq->vq.vdev,
> +				vq->split.vring.used->ring[last_used].len);
> +	}
> +
> +	if (vq->batch_head == last_used) {
> +		vq->batch_head = num;
> +		*len = vq->batch_len;
> +	} else
> +		*len = vq->split.desc_state[last_used].total_len;
> +
> +	if (unlikely(last_used >= num)) {
> +		BAD_RING(vq, "id %u out of range\n", last_used);
> +		return NULL;
> +	}
> +	if (unlikely(!vq->split.desc_state[last_used].data)) {
> +		BAD_RING(vq, "id %u is not a head!\n", last_used);
> +		return NULL;
> +	}
> +
> +	/* detach_buf_split clears data, so grab it now. */
> +	ret = vq->split.desc_state[last_used].data;
> +	detach_buf_split_in_order(vq, last_used, ctx);
> +
> +	vq->last_used_idx++;
> +	/* If we expect an interrupt for the next entry, tell host
> +	 * by writing event index and flush out the write before
> +	 * the read in the next get_buf call. */
> +	if (!(vq->split.avail_flags_shadow & VRING_AVAIL_F_NO_INTERRUPT))
> +		virtio_store_mb(vq->weak_barriers,
> +				&vring_used_event(&vq->split.vring),
> +				cpu_to_virtio16(vq->vq.vdev, vq->last_used_idx));
> +
> +	LAST_ADD_TIME_INVALID(vq);
> +
> +	END_USE(vq);
> +	return ret;
> +}
> +
>  static void virtqueue_disable_cb_split(struct vring_virtqueue *vq)
>  {
>  	if (!(vq->split.avail_flags_shadow & VRING_AVAIL_F_NO_INTERRUPT)) {
> @@ -1010,7 +1106,10 @@ static void *virtqueue_detach_unused_buf_split(struct vring_virtqueue *vq)
>  			continue;
>  		/* detach_buf_split clears data, so grab it now. */
>  		buf = vq->split.desc_state[i].data;
> -		detach_buf_split(vq, i, NULL);
> +		if (virtqueue_is_in_order(vq))
> +			detach_buf_split_in_order(vq, i, NULL);
> +		else
> +			detach_buf_split(vq, i, NULL);
>  		vq->split.avail_idx_shadow--;
>  		vq->split.vring.avail->idx = cpu_to_virtio16(vq->vq.vdev,
>  				vq->split.avail_idx_shadow);
> @@ -1073,6 +1172,7 @@ static void virtqueue_vring_attach_split(struct vring_virtqueue *vq,
>  
>  	/* Put everything in free lists. */
>  	vq->free_head = 0;
> +	vq->batch_head = vq->split.vring.num;
>  }
>  
>  static int vring_alloc_state_extra_split(struct vring_virtqueue_split *vring_split)
> @@ -1183,7 +1283,6 @@ static struct virtqueue *__vring_new_virtqueue_split(unsigned int index,
>  	if (!vq)
>  		return NULL;
>  
> -	vq->layout = SPLIT;
>  	vq->vq.callback = callback;
>  	vq->vq.vdev = vdev;
>  	vq->vq.name = name;
> @@ -1203,6 +1302,8 @@ static struct virtqueue *__vring_new_virtqueue_split(unsigned int index,
>  	vq->indirect = virtio_has_feature(vdev, VIRTIO_RING_F_INDIRECT_DESC) &&
>  		!context;
>  	vq->event = virtio_has_feature(vdev, VIRTIO_RING_F_EVENT_IDX);
> +	vq->layout = virtio_has_feature(vdev, VIRTIO_F_IN_ORDER) ?
> +		     SPLIT_IN_ORDER : SPLIT;
>  
>  	if (virtio_has_feature(vdev, VIRTIO_F_ORDER_PLATFORM))
>  		vq->weak_barriers = false;
> @@ -1366,13 +1467,14 @@ static int virtqueue_add_indirect_packed(struct vring_virtqueue *vq,
>  					 unsigned int in_sgs,
>  					 void *data,
>  					 bool premapped,
> -					 gfp_t gfp)
> +					 gfp_t gfp,
> +					 u16 id)
>  {
>  	struct vring_desc_extra *extra;
>  	struct vring_packed_desc *desc;
>  	struct scatterlist *sg;
> -	unsigned int i, n, err_idx, len;
> -	u16 head, id;
> +	unsigned int i, n, err_idx, len, total_len = 0;
> +	u16 head;
>  	dma_addr_t addr;
>  
>  	head = vq->packed.next_avail_idx;
> @@ -1390,8 +1492,6 @@ static int virtqueue_add_indirect_packed(struct vring_virtqueue *vq,
>  	}
>  
>  	i = 0;
> -	id = vq->free_head;
> -	BUG_ON(id == vq->packed.vring.num);
>  
>  	for (n = 0; n < out_sgs + in_sgs; n++) {
>  		for (sg = sgs[n]; sg; sg = sg_next(sg)) {
> @@ -1411,6 +1511,7 @@ static int virtqueue_add_indirect_packed(struct vring_virtqueue *vq,
>  				extra[i].flags = n < out_sgs ?  0 : VRING_DESC_F_WRITE;
>  			}
>  
> +			total_len += len;
>  			i++;
>  		}
>  	}
> @@ -1464,6 +1565,7 @@ static int virtqueue_add_indirect_packed(struct vring_virtqueue *vq,
>  	vq->packed.desc_state[id].data = data;
>  	vq->packed.desc_state[id].indir_desc = desc;
>  	vq->packed.desc_state[id].last = id;
> +	vq->packed.desc_state[id].total_len = total_len;
>  
>  	vq->num_added += 1;
>  
> @@ -1516,8 +1618,11 @@ static inline int virtqueue_add_packed(struct vring_virtqueue *vq,
>  	BUG_ON(total_sg == 0);
>  
>  	if (virtqueue_use_indirect(vq, total_sg)) {
> +		id = vq->free_head;
> +		BUG_ON(id == vq->packed.vring.num);
>  		err = virtqueue_add_indirect_packed(vq, sgs, total_sg, out_sgs,
> -						    in_sgs, data, premapped, gfp);
> +						    in_sgs, data, premapped,
> +						    gfp, id);
>  		if (err != -ENOMEM) {
>  			END_USE(vq);
>  			return err;
> @@ -1638,6 +1743,152 @@ static inline int virtqueue_add_packed(struct vring_virtqueue *vq,
>  	return -EIO;
>  }
>  
> +static inline int virtqueue_add_packed_in_order(struct vring_virtqueue *vq,
> +						struct scatterlist *sgs[],
> +						unsigned int total_sg,
> +						unsigned int out_sgs,
> +						unsigned int in_sgs,
> +						void *data,
> +						void *ctx,
> +						bool premapped,
> +						gfp_t gfp)
> +{
> +	struct vring_packed_desc *desc;
> +	struct scatterlist *sg;
> +	unsigned int i, n, c, err_idx, total_len = 0;
> +	__le16 head_flags, flags;
> +	u16 head, avail_used_flags;
> +	int err;
> +
> +	START_USE(vq);
> +
> +	BUG_ON(data == NULL);
> +	BUG_ON(ctx && vq->indirect);
> +
> +	if (unlikely(vq->broken)) {
> +		END_USE(vq);
> +		return -EIO;
> +	}
> +
> +	LAST_ADD_TIME_UPDATE(vq);
> +
> +	BUG_ON(total_sg == 0);
> +
> +	if (virtqueue_use_indirect(vq, total_sg)) {
> +		err = virtqueue_add_indirect_packed(vq, sgs, total_sg, out_sgs,
> +						    in_sgs, data, premapped, gfp,
> +						    vq->packed.next_avail_idx);
> +		if (err != -ENOMEM) {
> +			END_USE(vq);
> +			return err;
> +		}
> +
> +		/* fall back on direct */
> +	}
> +
> +	head = vq->packed.next_avail_idx;
> +	avail_used_flags = vq->packed.avail_used_flags;
> +
> +	WARN_ON_ONCE(total_sg > vq->packed.vring.num && !vq->indirect);
> +
> +	desc = vq->packed.vring.desc;
> +	i = head;
> +
> +	if (unlikely(vq->vq.num_free < total_sg)) {
> +		pr_debug("Can't add buf len %i - avail = %i\n",
> +			 total_sg, vq->vq.num_free);
> +		END_USE(vq);
> +		return -ENOSPC;
> +	}
> +
> +	c = 0;
> +	for (n = 0; n < out_sgs + in_sgs; n++) {
> +		for (sg = sgs[n]; sg; sg = sg_next(sg)) {
> +			dma_addr_t addr;
> +			u32 len;
> +
> +			if (vring_map_one_sg(vq, sg, n < out_sgs ?
> +					     DMA_TO_DEVICE : DMA_FROM_DEVICE,
> +					     &addr, &len, premapped))
> +				goto unmap_release;
> +
> +			flags = cpu_to_le16(vq->packed.avail_used_flags |
> +				    (++c == total_sg ? 0 : VRING_DESC_F_NEXT) |
> +				    (n < out_sgs ? 0 : VRING_DESC_F_WRITE));
> +			if (i == head)
> +				head_flags = flags;
> +			else
> +				desc[i].flags = flags;
> +
> +
> +			desc[i].addr = cpu_to_le64(addr);
> +			desc[i].len = cpu_to_le32(len);
> +			desc[i].id = cpu_to_le16(head);
> +
> +			if (unlikely(vq->use_dma_api)) {
> +				vq->packed.desc_extra[i].addr = premapped ?
> +				      DMA_MAPPING_ERROR: addr;
> +				vq->packed.desc_extra[i].len = len;
> +				vq->packed.desc_extra[i].flags =
> +					le16_to_cpu(flags);
> +			}
> +
> +			if ((unlikely(++i >= vq->packed.vring.num))) {
> +				i = 0;
> +				vq->packed.avail_used_flags ^=
> +					1 << VRING_PACKED_DESC_F_AVAIL |
> +					1 << VRING_PACKED_DESC_F_USED;
> +				vq->packed.avail_wrap_counter ^= 1;
> +			}
> +
> +			total_len += len;
> +		}
> +	}
> +
> +	/* We're using some buffers from the free list. */
> +	vq->vq.num_free -= total_sg;
> +
> +	/* Update free pointer */
> +	vq->packed.next_avail_idx = i;
> +
> +	/* Store token. */
> +	vq->packed.desc_state[head].num = total_sg;
> +	vq->packed.desc_state[head].data = data;
> +	vq->packed.desc_state[head].indir_desc = ctx;
> +	vq->packed.desc_state[head].total_len = total_len;
> +
> +	/*
> +	 * A driver MUST NOT make the first descriptor in the list
> +	 * available before all subsequent descriptors comprising
> +	 * the list are made available.
> +	 */
> +	virtio_wmb(vq->weak_barriers);
> +	vq->packed.vring.desc[head].flags = head_flags;
> +	vq->num_added += total_sg;
> +
> +	pr_debug("Added buffer head %i to %p\n", head, vq);
> +	END_USE(vq);
> +
> +	return 0;
> +
> +unmap_release:
> +	err_idx = i;
> +	i = head;
> +	vq->packed.avail_used_flags = avail_used_flags;
> +
> +	for (n = 0; n < total_sg; n++) {
> +		if (i == err_idx)
> +			break;
> +		vring_unmap_extra_packed(vq, &vq->packed.desc_extra[i]);
> +		i++;
> +		if (i >= vq->packed.vring.num)
> +			i = 0;
> +	}
> +
> +	END_USE(vq);
> +	return -EIO;
> +}
> +
>  static bool virtqueue_kick_prepare_packed(struct vring_virtqueue *vq)
>  {
>  	u16 new, old, off_wrap, flags, wrap_counter, event_idx;
> @@ -1758,7 +2009,7 @@ static inline bool is_used_desc_packed(const struct vring_virtqueue *vq,
>  	return avail == used && used == used_wrap_counter;
>  }
>  
> -static bool virtqueue_poll_packed(const struct vring_virtqueue *vq, u16 off_wrap)
> +static bool __virtqueue_poll_packed(const struct vring_virtqueue *vq, u16 off_wrap)
>  {
>  	bool wrap_counter;
>  	u16 used_idx;
> @@ -1769,6 +2020,11 @@ static bool virtqueue_poll_packed(const struct vring_virtqueue *vq, u16 off_wrap
>  	return is_used_desc_packed(vq, used_idx, wrap_counter);
>  }
>  
> +static bool virtqueue_poll_packed(const struct vring_virtqueue *vq, u16 off_wrap)
> +{
> +	return __virtqueue_poll_packed(vq, off_wrap);
> +}
> +
>  static bool more_used_packed(const struct vring_virtqueue *vq)
>  {
>  	return virtqueue_poll_packed(vq, READ_ONCE(vq->last_used_idx));
> @@ -1798,10 +2054,84 @@ static void update_last_used_idx_packed(struct vring_virtqueue *vq,
>  				cpu_to_le16(vq->last_used_idx));
>  }
>  
> +static bool more_used_packed_in_order(const struct vring_virtqueue *vq)
> +{
> +	if (vq->batch_head != vq->packed.vring.num)
> +		return true;
> +
> +	return virtqueue_poll_packed(vq, READ_ONCE(vq->last_used_idx));
> +}
> +
> +static bool __more_used_packed(const struct vring_virtqueue *vq)
> +{
> +	return __virtqueue_poll_packed(vq, READ_ONCE(vq->last_used_idx));
> +}
> +
> +static void *virtqueue_get_buf_ctx_packed_in_order(struct vring_virtqueue *vq,
> +						   unsigned int *len,
> +						   void **ctx)
> +{
> +	unsigned int num = vq->packed.vring.num;
> +	u16 last_used, id, last_used_idx;
> +	bool used_wrap_counter;
> +	void *ret;
> +
> +	START_USE(vq);
> +
> +	if (unlikely(vq->broken)) {
> +		END_USE(vq);
> +		return NULL;
> +	}
> +
> +	last_used_idx = vq->last_used_idx;
> +	used_wrap_counter = packed_used_wrap_counter(last_used_idx);
> +	last_used = packed_last_used(last_used_idx);
> +
> +	if (vq->batch_head == num) {
> +		if (!__more_used_packed(vq)) {
> +			pr_debug("No more buffers in queue\n");
> +			END_USE(vq);
> +			return NULL;
> +		}
> +		/* Only get used elements after they have been exposed by host. */
> +		virtio_rmb(vq->weak_barriers);
> +		vq->batch_head = le16_to_cpu(vq->packed.vring.desc[last_used].id);
> +		vq->batch_len = le32_to_cpu(vq->packed.vring.desc[last_used].len);
> +	}
> +
> +	if (vq->batch_head == last_used) {
> +		vq->batch_head = num;
> +		*len = vq->batch_len;
> +	} else
> +		*len = vq->packed.desc_state[last_used].total_len;
> +
> +	if (unlikely(last_used >= num)) {
> +		BAD_RING(vq, "id %u out of range\n", id);
> +		return NULL;
> +	}
> +	if (unlikely(!vq->packed.desc_state[last_used].data)) {
> +		BAD_RING(vq, "id %u is not a head!\n", id);
> +		return NULL;
> +	}
> +
> +	/* detach_buf_packed clears data, so grab it now. */
> +	ret = vq->packed.desc_state[last_used].data;
> +	detach_buf_packed_in_order(vq, last_used, ctx);
> +
> +	update_last_used_idx_packed(vq, last_used, last_used,
> +				    used_wrap_counter);
> +
> +	LAST_ADD_TIME_INVALID(vq);
> +
> +	END_USE(vq);
> +	return ret;
> +}
> +
>  static void *virtqueue_get_buf_ctx_packed(struct vring_virtqueue *vq,
>  					  unsigned int *len,
>  					  void **ctx)
>  {
> +	unsigned int num = vq->packed.vring.num;
>  	u16 last_used, id, last_used_idx;
>  	bool used_wrap_counter;
>  	void *ret;
> @@ -1813,7 +2143,7 @@ static void *virtqueue_get_buf_ctx_packed(struct vring_virtqueue *vq,
>  		return NULL;
>  	}
>  
> -	if (!more_used_packed(vq)) {
> +	if (!__more_used_packed(vq)) {
>  		pr_debug("No more buffers in queue\n");
>  		END_USE(vq);
>  		return NULL;
> @@ -1828,7 +2158,7 @@ static void *virtqueue_get_buf_ctx_packed(struct vring_virtqueue *vq,
>  	id = le16_to_cpu(vq->packed.vring.desc[last_used].id);
>  	*len = le32_to_cpu(vq->packed.vring.desc[last_used].len);
>  
> -	if (unlikely(id >= vq->packed.vring.num)) {
> +	if (unlikely(id >= num)) {
>  		BAD_RING(vq, "id %u out of range\n", id);
>  		return NULL;
>  	}
> @@ -1948,6 +2278,7 @@ static bool virtqueue_enable_cb_delayed_packed(struct vring_virtqueue *vq)
>  	last_used_idx = READ_ONCE(vq->last_used_idx);
>  	wrap_counter = packed_used_wrap_counter(last_used_idx);
>  	used_idx = packed_last_used(last_used_idx);
> +
>  	if (is_used_desc_packed(vq, used_idx, wrap_counter)) {
>  		END_USE(vq);
>  		return false;
> @@ -1969,7 +2300,7 @@ static void *virtqueue_detach_unused_buf_packed(struct vring_virtqueue *vq)
>  			continue;
>  		/* detach_buf clears data, so grab it now. */
>  		buf = vq->packed.desc_state[i].data;
> -		detach_buf_packed(vq, i, NULL);
> +		detach_buf_packed_in_order(vq, i, NULL);
>  		END_USE(vq);
>  		return buf;
>  	}
> @@ -1995,6 +2326,8 @@ static struct vring_desc_extra *vring_alloc_desc_extra(unsigned int num)
>  	for (i = 0; i < num - 1; i++)
>  		desc_extra[i].next = i + 1;
>  
> +	desc_extra[num - 1].next = 0;
> +
>  	return desc_extra;
>  }
>  
> @@ -2126,8 +2459,12 @@ static void virtqueue_vring_attach_packed(struct vring_virtqueue *vq,
>  {
>  	vq->packed = *vring_packed;
>  
> -	/* Put everything in free lists. */
> -	vq->free_head = 0;
> +	if (virtqueue_is_in_order(vq))
> +		vq->batch_head = vq->split.vring.num;
> +	else {
> +		/* Put everything in free lists. */
> +		vq->free_head = 0;
> +	}
>  }
>  
>  static void virtqueue_reset_packed(struct vring_virtqueue *vq)
> @@ -2174,13 +2511,14 @@ static struct virtqueue *__vring_new_virtqueue_packed(unsigned int index,
>  #else
>  	vq->broken = false;
>  #endif
> -	vq->layout = PACKED;
>  	vq->dma_dev = dma_dev;
>  	vq->use_dma_api = vring_use_dma_api(vdev);
>  
>  	vq->indirect = virtio_has_feature(vdev, VIRTIO_RING_F_INDIRECT_DESC) &&
>  		!context;
>  	vq->event = virtio_has_feature(vdev, VIRTIO_RING_F_EVENT_IDX);
> +	vq->layout = virtio_has_feature(vdev, VIRTIO_F_IN_ORDER) ?
> +		     PACKED_IN_ORDER : PACKED;
>  
>  	if (virtio_has_feature(vdev, VIRTIO_F_ORDER_PLATFORM))
>  		vq->weak_barriers = false;
> @@ -2290,9 +2628,39 @@ static const struct virtqueue_ops packed_ops = {
>  	.reset = virtqueue_reset_packed,
>  };
>  
> +static const struct virtqueue_ops split_in_order_ops = {
> +	.add = virtqueue_add_split,
> +	.get = virtqueue_get_buf_ctx_split_in_order,
> +	.kick_prepare = virtqueue_kick_prepare_split,
> +	.disable_cb = virtqueue_disable_cb_split,
> +	.enable_cb_delayed = virtqueue_enable_cb_delayed_split,
> +	.enable_cb_prepare = virtqueue_enable_cb_prepare_split,
> +	.poll = virtqueue_poll_split,
> +	.detach_unused_buf = virtqueue_detach_unused_buf_split,
> +	.more_used = more_used_split_in_order,
> +	.resize = virtqueue_resize_split,
> +	.reset = virtqueue_reset_split,
> +};
> +
> +static const struct virtqueue_ops packed_in_order_ops = {
> +	.add = virtqueue_add_packed_in_order,
> +	.get = virtqueue_get_buf_ctx_packed_in_order,
> +	.kick_prepare = virtqueue_kick_prepare_packed,
> +	.disable_cb = virtqueue_disable_cb_packed,
> +	.enable_cb_delayed = virtqueue_enable_cb_delayed_packed,
> +	.enable_cb_prepare = virtqueue_enable_cb_prepare_packed,
> +	.poll = virtqueue_poll_packed,
> +	.detach_unused_buf = virtqueue_detach_unused_buf_packed,
> +	.more_used = more_used_packed_in_order,
> +	.resize = virtqueue_resize_packed,
> +	.reset = virtqueue_reset_packed,
> +};
> +
>  static const struct virtqueue_ops *const all_ops[VQ_TYPE_MAX] = {
>  	[SPLIT] = &split_ops,
> -	[PACKED] = &packed_ops
> +	[PACKED] = &packed_ops,
> +	[SPLIT_IN_ORDER] = &split_in_order_ops,
> +	[PACKED_IN_ORDER] = &packed_in_order_ops,
>  };
>  
>  static int virtqueue_disable_and_recycle(struct virtqueue *_vq,
> @@ -2336,7 +2704,6 @@ static int virtqueue_enable_after_reset(struct virtqueue *_vq)
>  /*
>   * Generic functions and exported symbols.
>   */
> -
>  #define VIRTQUEUE_CALL(vq, op, ...)					\
>  	({								\
>  	typeof(all_ops[SPLIT]->op(vq, ##__VA_ARGS__)) ret;		\
> @@ -2347,6 +2714,12 @@ static int virtqueue_enable_after_reset(struct virtqueue *_vq)
>  	case PACKED:							\
>  		ret = all_ops[PACKED]->op(vq, ##__VA_ARGS__);		\
>  		break;							\
> +	case SPLIT_IN_ORDER:						\
> +		ret = all_ops[SPLIT_IN_ORDER]->op(vq, ##__VA_ARGS__);	\
> +		break;							\
> +	case PACKED_IN_ORDER:						\
> +		ret = all_ops[PACKED_IN_ORDER]->op(vq, ##__VA_ARGS__);	\
> +		break;							\
>  	default:							\
>  		BUG();							\
>  		break;							\
> @@ -2363,6 +2736,12 @@ static int virtqueue_enable_after_reset(struct virtqueue *_vq)
>          case PACKED:					  \
>                  all_ops[PACKED]->op(vq, ##__VA_ARGS__);   \
>                  break;					  \
> +        case SPLIT_IN_ORDER:						\
> +                all_ops[SPLIT_IN_ORDER]->op(vq, ##__VA_ARGS__);		\
> +                break;							\
> +        case PACKED_IN_ORDER:						\
> +                all_ops[PACKED_IN_ORDER]->op(vq, ##__VA_ARGS__);	\
> +                break;							\
>          default:					  \
>                  BUG();					  \
>                  break;					  \
> @@ -3073,6 +3452,8 @@ void vring_transport_features(struct virtio_device *vdev)
>  			break;
>  		case VIRTIO_F_NOTIFICATION_DATA:
>  			break;
> +		case VIRTIO_F_IN_ORDER:
> +			break;
>  		default:
>  			/* We don't understand this bit. */
>  			__virtio_clear_bit(vdev, i);
> -- 
> 2.34.1