[RFC PATCH v3 6/6] Propagate negative bias

From: Hongyan Xia
Date: Tue May 07 2024 - 08:52:06 EST


Negative bias is interesting, because dequeuing such a task will
actually increase utilization.

Solve by applying PELT decay to negative biases as well. This in fact
can be implemented easily with some math tricks.

Signed-off-by: Hongyan Xia <hongyan.xia2@xxxxxxx>
---
kernel/sched/fair.c | 44 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
1 file changed, 44 insertions(+)

diff --git a/kernel/sched/fair.c b/kernel/sched/fair.c
index 0177d7e8f364..7259a61e9ae5 100644
--- a/kernel/sched/fair.c
+++ b/kernel/sched/fair.c
@@ -4863,6 +4863,45 @@ static inline unsigned long task_util_est_uclamp(struct task_struct *p)
{
return max(task_util_uclamp(p), _task_util_est_uclamp(p));
}
+
+/*
+ * Negative biases are tricky. If we remove them right away then dequeuing a
+ * uclamp_max task has the interesting effect that dequeuing results in a higher
+ * rq utilization. Solve this by applying PELT decay to the bias itself.
+ *
+ * Keeping track of a PELT-decayed negative bias is extra overhead. However, we
+ * observe this interesting math property, where y is the decay factor and p is
+ * the number of periods elapsed:
+ *
+ * util_new = util_old * y^p - neg_bias * y^p
+ * = (util_old - neg_bias) * y^p
+ *
+ * Therefore, we simply subtract the negative bias from util_avg the moment we
+ * dequeue, then the PELT signal itself is the total of util_avg and the decayed
+ * negative bias, and we no longer need to track the decayed bias separately.
+ */
+static void propagate_negative_bias(struct task_struct *p)
+{
+ if (task_util_bias(p) < 0 && !task_on_rq_migrating(p)) {
+ unsigned long neg_bias = -task_util_bias(p);
+ struct sched_entity *se = &p->se;
+ struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq;
+
+ p->se.avg.util_avg_bias = 0;
+
+ for_each_sched_entity(se) {
+ u32 divider, neg_sum;
+
+ cfs_rq = cfs_rq_of(se);
+ divider = get_pelt_divider(&cfs_rq->avg);
+ neg_sum = neg_bias * divider;
+ sub_positive(&se->avg.util_avg, neg_bias);
+ sub_positive(&se->avg.util_sum, neg_sum);
+ sub_positive(&cfs_rq->avg.util_avg, neg_bias);
+ sub_positive(&cfs_rq->avg.util_sum, neg_sum);
+ }
+ }
+}
#else
static inline long task_util_bias(struct task_struct *p)
{
@@ -4883,6 +4922,10 @@ static inline unsigned long task_util_est_uclamp(struct task_struct *p)
{
return task_util_est(p);
}
+
+static void propagate_negative_bias(struct task_struct *p)
+{
+}
#endif

static inline void util_est_enqueue(struct cfs_rq *cfs_rq,
@@ -6844,6 +6887,7 @@ static void dequeue_task_fair(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p, int flags)
/* At this point se is NULL and we are at root level*/
sub_nr_running(rq, 1);
util_bias_dequeue(&rq->cfs.avg, p);
+ propagate_negative_bias(p);
/* XXX: We should skip the update above and only do it once here. */
cpufreq_update_util(rq, 0);

--
2.34.1