Re: [v3 PATCH 5/5] RISC-V: Add EFI stub support.

From: Atish Patra
Date: Fri Apr 17 2020 - 23:03:33 EST

On Thu, Apr 16, 2020 at 12:41 AM Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@xxxxxxxxxx> wrote:
>
> On Wed, 15 Apr 2020 at 21:54, Atish Patra <atish.patra@xxxxxxx> wrote:
> >
> > Add a RISC-V architecture specific stub code that actually copies the
> > actual kernel image to a valid address and jump to it after boot services
> > are terminated. Enable UEFI related kernel configs as well for RISC-V.
> >
> > Signed-off-by: Atish Patra <atish.patra@xxxxxxx>
> > ---
> > arch/riscv/Kconfig | 20 ++++
> > arch/riscv/Makefile | 1 +
> > arch/riscv/configs/defconfig | 1 +
> > arch/riscv/include/asm/efi.h | 44 +++++++++
> > drivers/firmware/efi/Kconfig | 2 +-
> > drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/Makefile | 7 ++
> > drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/riscv-stub.c | 111 ++++++++++++++++++++++
> > 7 files changed, 185 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
> > create mode 100644 arch/riscv/include/asm/efi.h
> > create mode 100644 drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/riscv-stub.c
> >
> > diff --git a/arch/riscv/Kconfig b/arch/riscv/Kconfig
> > index f39e326a7a42..eb4f41c8f3ce 100644
> > --- a/arch/riscv/Kconfig
> > +++ b/arch/riscv/Kconfig
> > @@ -379,10 +379,30 @@ config CMDLINE_FORCE
> >
> > endchoice
> >
> > +config EFI_STUB
> > + bool
> > +
> > +config EFI
> > + bool "UEFI runtime support"
> > + depends on OF
> > + select LIBFDT
> > + select UCS2_STRING
> > + select EFI_PARAMS_FROM_FDT
> > + select EFI_STUB
> > + select EFI_GENERIC_STUB
> > + default y
> > + help
> > + This option provides support for runtime services provided
> > + by UEFI firmware (such as non-volatile variables, realtime
> > + clock, and platform reset). A UEFI stub is also provided to
> > + allow the kernel to be booted as an EFI application. This
> > + is only useful on systems that have UEFI firmware.
> > +
> > endmenu
> >
> > menu "Power management options"
> >
> > source "kernel/power/Kconfig"
> > +source "drivers/firmware/Kconfig"
> >
> > endmenu
> > diff --git a/arch/riscv/Makefile b/arch/riscv/Makefile
> > index fb6e37db836d..079435804d6d 100644
> > --- a/arch/riscv/Makefile
> > +++ b/arch/riscv/Makefile
> > @@ -80,6 +80,7 @@ head-y := arch/riscv/kernel/head.o
> > core-y += arch/riscv/
> >
> > libs-y += arch/riscv/lib/
> > +core-$(CONFIG_EFI_STUB) += $(objtree)/drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/lib.a
> >
> > PHONY += vdso_install
> > vdso_install:
> > diff --git a/arch/riscv/configs/defconfig b/arch/riscv/configs/defconfig
> > index 4da4886246a4..ae69e12d306a 100644
> > --- a/arch/riscv/configs/defconfig
> > +++ b/arch/riscv/configs/defconfig
> > @@ -129,3 +129,4 @@ CONFIG_DEBUG_BLOCK_EXT_DEVT=y
> > # CONFIG_RUNTIME_TESTING_MENU is not set
> > CONFIG_MEMTEST=y
> > # CONFIG_SYSFS_SYSCALL is not set
> > +CONFIG_EFI=y
> > diff --git a/arch/riscv/include/asm/efi.h b/arch/riscv/include/asm/efi.h
> > new file mode 100644
> > index 000000000000..62d7d5eafed8
> > --- /dev/null
> > +++ b/arch/riscv/include/asm/efi.h
> > @@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
> > +/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
> > +/*
> > + * Copyright (C) 2020 Western Digital Corporation or its affiliates.
> > + * Based on arch/arm64/include/asm/efi.h
> > + */
> > +#ifndef _ASM_EFI_H
> > +#define _ASM_EFI_H
> > +
> > +#include <asm/io.h>
> > +#include <asm/mmu_context.h>
> > +#include <asm/ptrace.h>
> > +#include <asm/tlbflush.h>
> > +
> > +#define VA_BITS_MIN 39
> > +
> > +/* on RISC-V, the FDT may be located anywhere in system RAM */
> > +static inline unsigned long efi_get_max_fdt_addr(unsigned long dram_base)
> > +{
> > + return ULONG_MAX;
> > +}
> > +
> > +/* Load initrd at enough distance from DRAM start */
> > +static inline unsigned long efi_get_max_initrd_addr(unsigned long dram_base,
> > + unsigned long image_addr)
> > +{
> > + return dram_base + SZ_256M;
> > +}
> > +
> > +#define efi_bs_call(func, ...) efi_system_table()->boottime->func(__VA_ARGS__)
> > +#define efi_rt_call(func, ...) efi_system_table()->runtime->func(__VA_ARGS__)
> > +#define efi_is_native() (true)
> > +
> > +#define efi_table_attr(inst, attr) (inst->attr)
> > +
> > +#define efi_call_proto(inst, func, ...) inst->func(inst, ##__VA_ARGS__)
> > +
> > +#define alloc_screen_info(x...) (&screen_info)
> > +extern char stext_offset[];
> > +
> > +static inline void free_screen_info(struct screen_info *si)
> > +{
> > +}
> > +
> > +#endif /* _ASM_EFI_H */
> > diff --git a/drivers/firmware/efi/Kconfig b/drivers/firmware/efi/Kconfig
> > index 2a2b2b96a1dc..fcdc789d3f87 100644
> > --- a/drivers/firmware/efi/Kconfig
> > +++ b/drivers/firmware/efi/Kconfig
> > @@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ config EFI_GENERIC_STUB
> >
> > config EFI_ARMSTUB_DTB_LOADER
> > bool "Enable the DTB loader"
> > - depends on EFI_GENERIC_STUB
> > + depends on EFI_GENERIC_STUB && !RISCV
> > default y
> > help
> > Select this config option to add support for the dtb= command
> > diff --git a/drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/Makefile b/drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/Makefile
> > index 2b4e09bf987c..7d46b70b51f2 100644
> > --- a/drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/Makefile
> > +++ b/drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/Makefile
> > @@ -22,6 +22,8 @@ cflags-$(CONFIG_ARM64) := $(subst $(CC_FLAGS_FTRACE),,$(KBUILD_CFLAGS)) \
> > cflags-$(CONFIG_ARM) := $(subst $(CC_FLAGS_FTRACE),,$(KBUILD_CFLAGS)) \
> > -fno-builtin -fpic \
> > $(call cc-option,-mno-single-pic-base)
> > +cflags-$(CONFIG_RISCV) := $(subst $(CC_FLAGS_FTRACE),,$(KBUILD_CFLAGS)) \
> > + -fpic
> >
> > cflags-$(CONFIG_EFI_GENERIC_STUB) += -I$(srctree)/scripts/dtc/libfdt
> >
> > @@ -57,6 +59,7 @@ lib-$(CONFIG_EFI_GENERIC_STUB) += efi-stub.o fdt.o string.o \
> > lib-$(CONFIG_ARM) += arm32-stub.o
> > lib-$(CONFIG_ARM64) += arm64-stub.o
> > lib-$(CONFIG_X86) += x86-stub.o
> > +lib-$(CONFIG_RISCV) += riscv-stub.o
> > CFLAGS_arm32-stub.o := -DTEXT_OFFSET=$(TEXT_OFFSET)
> > CFLAGS_arm64-stub.o := -DTEXT_OFFSET=$(TEXT_OFFSET)
> >
> > @@ -81,6 +84,10 @@ STUBCOPY_FLAGS-$(CONFIG_ARM64) += --prefix-alloc-sections=.init \
> > --prefix-symbols=__efistub_
> > STUBCOPY_RELOC-$(CONFIG_ARM64) := R_AARCH64_ABS
> >
> > +STUBCOPY_FLAGS-$(CONFIG_RISCV) += --prefix-alloc-sections=.init \
> > + --prefix-symbols=__efistub_
> > +STUBCOPY_RELOC-$(CONFIG_RISCV) := R_RISCV_HI20
> > +
> > $(obj)/%.stub.o: $(obj)/%.o FORCE
> > $(call if_changed,stubcopy)
> >
> > diff --git a/drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/riscv-stub.c b/drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/riscv-stub.c
> > new file mode 100644
> > index 000000000000..69d13e0ebaea
> > --- /dev/null
> > +++ b/drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/riscv-stub.c
> > @@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
> > +// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
> > +/*
> > + * Copyright (C) 2013, 2014 Linaro Ltd; <roy.franz@xxxxxxxxxx>
> > + * Copyright (C) 2020 Western Digital Corporation or its affiliates.
> > + *
> > + * This file implements the EFI boot stub for the RISC-V kernel.
> > + * Adapted from ARM64 version at drivers/firmware/efi/libstub/arm64-stub.c.
> > + */
> > +
> > +#include <linux/efi.h>
> > +#include <linux/libfdt.h>
> > +#include <linux/libfdt_env.h>
> > +#include <asm/efi.h>
> > +#include <asm/sections.h>
> > +
> > +#include "efistub.h"
> > +/*
> > + * RISCV requires the kernel image to placed TEXT_OFFSET bytes beyond a 2 MB
> > + * aligned base for 64 bit and 4MB for 32 bit.
> > + */

Fixed the comment.

> > +#ifdef CONFIG_64BIT
> > +#define MIN_KIMG_ALIGN SZ_2M
> > +#else
> > +#define MIN_KIMG_ALIGN SZ_4M
> > +#endif
> > +
> > +typedef __attribute__((noreturn)) void (*jump_kernel_func)(unsigned int,
> > + unsigned long);
> > +efi_status_t check_platform_features(void)
> > +{
> > + return EFI_SUCCESS;
> > +}
> > +
> > +static u32 get_boot_hartid_from_fdt(unsigned long fdt)
> > +{
> > + int chosen_node, len;
> > + const fdt32_t *prop;
> > +
> > + chosen_node = fdt_path_offset((void *)fdt, "/chosen");
> > + if (chosen_node < 0)
> > + return U32_MAX;
> > + prop = fdt_getprop((void *)fdt, chosen_node, "boot-hartid", &len);
> > + if (!prop || len != sizeof(u32))
> > + return U32_MAX;
> > +
> > + return fdt32_to_cpu(*prop);
> > +}
> > +
> > +/*
> > + * Jump to real kernel here with following constraints.
> > + * 1. MMU should be disabled.
> > + * 2. a0 should contain hartid
> > + * 3. a1 should DT address
> > + */
> > +void __noreturn efi_enter_kernel(unsigned long entrypoint, unsigned long fdt,
> > + unsigned long fdt_size)
> > +{
> > + unsigned long kernel_entry = entrypoint + (unsigned long)stext_offset;
> > + jump_kernel_func jump_kernel = (jump_kernel_func) kernel_entry;
> > + u32 hartid = get_boot_hartid_from_fdt(fdt);
> > +
> > + if (hartid == U32_MAX)
> > + /* We can not use panic or BUG at this point */
> > + __asm__ __volatile__ ("ebreak");
> > + /* Disable MMU */
> > + csr_write(CSR_SATP, 0);
> > + jump_kernel(hartid, fdt);
> > +}
> > +
> > +efi_status_t handle_kernel_image(unsigned long *image_addr,
> > + unsigned long *image_size,
> > + unsigned long *reserve_addr,
> > + unsigned long *reserve_size,
> > + unsigned long dram_base,
> > + efi_loaded_image_t *image)
> > +{
> > + efi_status_t status;
> > + unsigned long kernel_size, kernel_memsize = 0;
> > + unsigned long max_alloc_address;
> > +
> > + if (image->image_base != _start)
> > + pr_efi_err("FIRMWARE BUG: efi_loaded_image_t::image_base has bogus value\n");
> > +
>
> I don't think you need this.
>

Sure. I will remove it. I guess ARM64 code has the error print for
legacy loader code ?

> > + kernel_size = _edata - _start;
> > + kernel_memsize = kernel_size + (_end - _edata);
> > + max_alloc_address = round_up(dram_base, MIN_KIMG_ALIGN) +
> > + kernel_memsize;
> > +
>
> You said the kernel could be anywhere in memory, as long as it is
> aligned correctly, right?

Sorry I was wrong about this. RISC-V kernel maps PAGE_OFFSET virtual
address to the
physical address <xyz> where it is booted. That means memory between
dram start and and <xyz> address
will be unusable.

I also realized that the above computing max_address as above also
won't work for the following reason.
efi_allocate_pages_aligned actually ALIGN_DOWN the max_address. Thus,
efi won't find enough
free memory in this case if the max_address is computed from the dram_base.

Is there an implicit requirement for efi_allocate_pages_aligned or
efi_low_alloc_above should be tried in case of failure?

> In that case, you don't need this, you can simply pass ULONG_MAX as
> the max address.
>
As RISC-V should allocate memory as low as possible to avoid memory
wastage, I think the following should work.

efi_low_alloc_above(*reserve_size, MIN_KIMG_ALIGN, reserve_addr, dram_base);

If this looks okay to you, efi_low_alloc_above should be moved back to
mem.c from relocate.c.
Should I do it in a separate patch or the original patch should be
modified so that efi_low_alloc_above was never moved to relocate.c

> > + if (IS_ALIGNED((u64)_start, MIN_KIMG_ALIGN)) {
> > + /*
> > + * Just execute from wherever we were loaded by the
> > + * UEFI PE/COFF loader if the alignment is suitable.
> > + */
> > + *image_addr = (u64)_start;
>
> Change these casts to (unsigned long), as reported by the robot.
>
Done.

> So you no longer need the placement to be TEXT_OFFSET bytes past a
> MIN_KIMG_ALIGN aligned boundary, right?
>

Nope. EFI memory marked the firmware area as reserved. So EFI memory
allocator will make sure that
it never allocates memory from that region.

> > + *reserve_size = 0;
> > + return EFI_SUCCESS;
> > + }
> > + status = efi_allocate_pages_aligned(*reserve_size, reserve_addr,
> > + max_alloc_address, MIN_KIMG_ALIGN);
> > +
> > + if (status != EFI_SUCCESS) {
> > + pr_efi_err("Failed to relocate kernel\n");
> > + *reserve_size = 0;
> > + return status;
> > + }
> > + *image_addr = *reserve_addr;
> > +
> > + memcpy((void *)*image_addr, _start, kernel_size);
> > +
> > + return EFI_SUCCESS;
> > +}
> > --
> > 2.24.0
> >
>
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--
Regards,
Atish