[PATCH v2] signal: add procfd_signal() syscall

From: Christian Brauner
Date: Tue Nov 20 2018 - 05:53:41 EST

The kill() syscall operates on process identifiers. After a process has
exited its pid can be reused by another process. If a caller sends a signal
to a reused pid it will end up signaling the wrong process. This issue has
often surfaced and there has been a push [1] to address this problem.

This patch uses file descriptors from proc/<pid> as stable handles on
struct pid. Even if a pid is recycled the handle will not change. The file
descriptor can be used to send signals to the referenced process.
Thus, the new syscall procfd_signal() is introduced to solve this problem.
It operates on a process file descriptor.
The syscall takes an additional siginfo_t and flags argument. If siginfo_t
is NULL then procfd_signal() behaves like kill() if it is not NULL it
behaves like rt_sigqueueinfo.
The flags argument is added to allow for future extensions of this syscall.
It currently needs to be passed as 0.

With this patch a process can be killed via:

#define _GNU_SOURCE
#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/syscall.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <unistd.h>

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
int ret;
char buf[1000];

if (argc < 2)
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);

ret = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "/proc/%s", argv[1]);
if (ret < 0)
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);

int fd = open(buf, O_DIRECTORY | O_CLOEXEC);
if (fd < 0) {
printf("%s - Failed to open \"%s\"\n", strerror(errno), buf);
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}

ret = syscall(__NR_procfd_signal, fd, SIGKILL, NULL, 0);
if (ret < 0) {
printf("Failed to send SIGKILL \"%s\"\n", strerror(errno));
close(fd);
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}

close(fd);

exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}

[1]: https://lkml.org/lkml/2018/11/18/130

Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xxxxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Serge Hallyn <serge@xxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Jann Horn <jannh@xxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@xxxxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Andy Lutomirsky <luto@xxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@xxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Aleksa Sarai <cyphar@xxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner <christian@xxxxxxxxxx>
---
Changelog:
v2:
- define __NR_procfd_signal in unistd.h
- wire up compat syscall
- s/proc_is_procfd/proc_is_tgid_procfd/g
- provide stubs when CONFIG_PROC_FS=n
- move proc_pid() to linux/proc_fs.h header
- use proc_pid() to grab struct pid from /proc/<pid> fd
v1:
- patch introduced
---
arch/x86/entry/syscalls/syscall_32.tbl | 1 +
arch/x86/entry/syscalls/syscall_64.tbl | 2 +
fs/proc/base.c | 11 ++-
fs/proc/internal.h | 5 -
include/linux/proc_fs.h | 12 +++
include/linux/syscalls.h | 2 +
include/uapi/asm-generic/unistd.h | 4 +-
kernel/signal.c | 127 +++++++++++++++++++++++--
8 files changed, 151 insertions(+), 13 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/x86/entry/syscalls/syscall_32.tbl b/arch/x86/entry/syscalls/syscall_32.tbl
index 3cf7b533b3d1..3f27ffd8ae87 100644
--- a/arch/x86/entry/syscalls/syscall_32.tbl
+++ b/arch/x86/entry/syscalls/syscall_32.tbl
@@ -398,3 +398,4 @@
384 i386 arch_prctl sys_arch_prctl __ia32_compat_sys_arch_prctl
385 i386 io_pgetevents sys_io_pgetevents __ia32_compat_sys_io_pgetevents
386 i386 rseq sys_rseq __ia32_sys_rseq
+387 i386 procfd_signal sys_procfd_signal __ia32_compat_sys_procfd_signal
diff --git a/arch/x86/entry/syscalls/syscall_64.tbl b/arch/x86/entry/syscalls/syscall_64.tbl
index f0b1709a5ffb..8a30cde82450 100644
--- a/arch/x86/entry/syscalls/syscall_64.tbl
+++ b/arch/x86/entry/syscalls/syscall_64.tbl
@@ -343,6 +343,7 @@
332 common statx __x64_sys_statx
333 common io_pgetevents __x64_sys_io_pgetevents
334 common rseq __x64_sys_rseq
+335 64 procfd_signal __x64_sys_procfd_signal

#
# x32-specific system call numbers start at 512 to avoid cache impact
@@ -386,3 +387,4 @@
545 x32 execveat __x32_compat_sys_execveat/ptregs
546 x32 preadv2 __x32_compat_sys_preadv64v2
547 x32 pwritev2 __x32_compat_sys_pwritev64v2
+548 x32 procfd_signal __x32_compat_sys_procfd_signal
diff --git a/fs/proc/base.c b/fs/proc/base.c
index ce3465479447..771c6bd1cac6 100644
--- a/fs/proc/base.c
+++ b/fs/proc/base.c
@@ -716,7 +716,10 @@ static int proc_pid_permission(struct inode *inode, int mask)
return generic_permission(inode, mask);
}

-
+struct pid *proc_pid(const struct inode *inode)
+{
+ return PROC_I(inode)->pid;
+}

static const struct inode_operations proc_def_inode_operations = {
.setattr = proc_setattr,
@@ -3038,6 +3041,12 @@ static const struct file_operations proc_tgid_base_operations = {
.llseek = generic_file_llseek,
};

+bool proc_is_tgid_procfd(const struct file *file)
+{
+ return d_is_dir(file->f_path.dentry) &&
+ (file->f_op == &proc_tgid_base_operations);
+}
+
static struct dentry *proc_tgid_base_lookup(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry, unsigned int flags)
{
return proc_pident_lookup(dir, dentry,
diff --git a/fs/proc/internal.h b/fs/proc/internal.h
index 5185d7f6a51e..eb69afba83f3 100644
--- a/fs/proc/internal.h
+++ b/fs/proc/internal.h
@@ -113,11 +113,6 @@ static inline void *__PDE_DATA(const struct inode *inode)
return PDE(inode)->data;
}

-static inline struct pid *proc_pid(const struct inode *inode)
-{
- return PROC_I(inode)->pid;
-}
-
static inline struct task_struct *get_proc_task(const struct inode *inode)
{
return get_pid_task(proc_pid(inode), PIDTYPE_PID);
diff --git a/include/linux/proc_fs.h b/include/linux/proc_fs.h
index d0e1f1522a78..96df2fe6311d 100644
--- a/include/linux/proc_fs.h
+++ b/include/linux/proc_fs.h
@@ -73,6 +73,8 @@ struct proc_dir_entry *proc_create_net_single_write(const char *name, umode_t mo
int (*show)(struct seq_file *, void *),
proc_write_t write,
void *data);
+extern bool proc_is_tgid_procfd(const struct file *file);
+extern struct pid *proc_pid(const struct inode *inode);

#else /* CONFIG_PROC_FS */

@@ -114,6 +116,16 @@ static inline int remove_proc_subtree(const char *name, struct proc_dir_entry *p
#define proc_create_net(name, mode, parent, state_size, ops) ({NULL;})
#define proc_create_net_single(name, mode, parent, show, data) ({NULL;})

+static inline bool proc_is_tgid_procfd(const struct file *file)
+{
+ return false;
+}
+
+static inline struct pid *proc_pid(const struct inode *inode)
+{
+ return NULL;
+}
+
#endif /* CONFIG_PROC_FS */

struct net;
diff --git a/include/linux/syscalls.h b/include/linux/syscalls.h
index 2ac3d13a915b..a5ca8cb84566 100644
--- a/include/linux/syscalls.h
+++ b/include/linux/syscalls.h
@@ -907,6 +907,8 @@ asmlinkage long sys_statx(int dfd, const char __user *path, unsigned flags,
unsigned mask, struct statx __user *buffer);
asmlinkage long sys_rseq(struct rseq __user *rseq, uint32_t rseq_len,
int flags, uint32_t sig);
+asmlinkage long sys_procfd_signal(int fd, int sig, siginfo_t __user *info,
+ int flags);

/*
* Architecture-specific system calls
diff --git a/include/uapi/asm-generic/unistd.h b/include/uapi/asm-generic/unistd.h
index 538546edbfbd..4dc81a994ad1 100644
--- a/include/uapi/asm-generic/unistd.h
+++ b/include/uapi/asm-generic/unistd.h
@@ -738,9 +738,11 @@ __SYSCALL(__NR_statx, sys_statx)
__SC_COMP(__NR_io_pgetevents, sys_io_pgetevents, compat_sys_io_pgetevents)
#define __NR_rseq 293
__SYSCALL(__NR_rseq, sys_rseq)
+#define __NR_procfd_signal 294
+__SC_COMP(__NR_procfd_signal, sys_procfd_signal, compat_sys_procfd_signal)

#undef __NR_syscalls
-#define __NR_syscalls 294
+#define __NR_syscalls 295

/*
* 32 bit systems traditionally used different
diff --git a/kernel/signal.c b/kernel/signal.c
index 9a32bc2088c9..13695342f150 100644
--- a/kernel/signal.c
+++ b/kernel/signal.c
@@ -19,7 +19,9 @@
#include <linux/sched/task.h>
#include <linux/sched/task_stack.h>
#include <linux/sched/cputime.h>
+#include <linux/file.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
+#include <linux/proc_fs.h>
#include <linux/tty.h>
#include <linux/binfmts.h>
#include <linux/coredump.h>
@@ -3286,6 +3288,16 @@ COMPAT_SYSCALL_DEFINE4(rt_sigtimedwait, compat_sigset_t __user *, uthese,
}
#endif

+static inline void prepare_kill_siginfo(int sig, struct kernel_siginfo *info)
+{
+ clear_siginfo(info);
+ info->si_signo = sig;
+ info->si_errno = 0;
+ info->si_code = SI_USER;
+ info->si_pid = task_tgid_vnr(current);
+ info->si_uid = from_kuid_munged(current_user_ns(), current_uid());
+}
+
/**
* sys_kill - send a signal to a process
* @pid: the PID of the process
@@ -3295,16 +3307,119 @@ SYSCALL_DEFINE2(kill, pid_t, pid, int, sig)
{
struct kernel_siginfo info;

- clear_siginfo(&info);
- info.si_signo = sig;
- info.si_errno = 0;
- info.si_code = SI_USER;
- info.si_pid = task_tgid_vnr(current);
- info.si_uid = from_kuid_munged(current_user_ns(), current_uid());
+ prepare_kill_siginfo(sig, &info);

return kill_something_info(sig, &info, pid);
}

+/*
+ * Verify that the signaler and signalee either are in the same pid namespace
+ * or that the signaler's pid namespace is an ancestor of the signalee's pid
+ * namespace.
+ */
+static bool may_signal_procfd(struct pid *pid)
+{
+ struct pid_namespace *active = task_active_pid_ns(current);
+ struct pid_namespace *p = ns_of_pid(pid);
+
+ for (;;) {
+ if (!p)
+ return false;
+ if (p == active)
+ break;
+ p = p->parent;
+ }
+
+ return true;
+}
+
+static int do_procfd_signal(int fd, int sig, kernel_siginfo_t *kinfo, int flags,
+ bool had_siginfo)
+{
+ int ret;
+ struct fd f;
+ struct pid *pid;
+
+ /* Enforce flags be set to 0 until we add an extension. */
+ if (flags)
+ return -EINVAL;
+
+ f = fdget_raw(fd);
+ if (!f.file)
+ return -EBADF;
+
+ /* Is this a process file descriptor? */
+ ret = -EINVAL;
+ if (!proc_is_tgid_procfd(f.file))
+ goto err;
+
+ /* Without CONFIG_PROC_FS proc_pid() returns NULL. */
+ pid = proc_pid(file_inode(f.file));
+ if (!pid)
+ goto err;
+
+ if (!may_signal_procfd(pid))
+ goto err;
+
+ if (had_siginfo) {
+ /*
+ * Not even root can pretend to send signals from the kernel.
+ * Nor can they impersonate a kill()/tgkill(), which adds
+ * source info.
+ */
+ ret = -EPERM;
+ if ((kinfo->si_code >= 0 || kinfo->si_code == SI_TKILL) &&
+ (task_pid(current) != pid))
+ goto err;
+ } else {
+ prepare_kill_siginfo(sig, kinfo);
+ }
+
+ ret = kill_pid_info(sig, kinfo, pid);
+
+err:
+ fdput(f);
+ return ret;
+}
+
+/**
+ * sys_procfd_signal - send a signal to a process through a process file
+ * descriptor
+ * @fd: the file descriptor of the process
+ * @sig: signal to be sent
+ * @info: the signal info
+ * @flags: future flags to be passed
+ */
+SYSCALL_DEFINE4(procfd_signal, int, fd, int, sig, siginfo_t __user *, info,
+ int, flags)
+{
+ kernel_siginfo_t kinfo;
+
+ if (info) {
+ int ret = __copy_siginfo_from_user(sig, &kinfo, info);
+ if (unlikely(ret))
+ return ret;
+ }
+
+ return do_procfd_signal(fd, sig, &kinfo, flags, !!info);
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_COMPAT
+COMPAT_SYSCALL_DEFINE4(procfd_signal, int, fd, int, sig,
+ struct compat_siginfo __user *, info, int, flags)
+{
+ kernel_siginfo_t kinfo;
+
+ if (info) {
+ int ret = __copy_siginfo_from_user32(sig, &kinfo, info);
+ if (unlikely(ret))
+ return ret;
+ }
+
+ return do_procfd_signal(fd, sig, &kinfo, flags, !!info);
+}
+#endif
+
static int
do_send_specific(pid_t tgid, pid_t pid, int sig, struct kernel_siginfo *info)
{
--
2.19.1