[tip:sched/core] sched/core: Fix TASK_DEAD race in finish_task_switch()

From: tip-bot for Peter Zijlstra
Date: Tue Oct 06 2015 - 12:13:29 EST


Commit-ID: 95913d97914f44db2b81271c2e2ebd4d2ac2df83
Gitweb: http://git.kernel.org/tip/95913d97914f44db2b81271c2e2ebd4d2ac2df83
Author: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>
AuthorDate: Tue, 29 Sep 2015 14:45:09 +0200
Committer: Ingo Molnar <mingo@xxxxxxxxxx>
CommitDate: Tue, 6 Oct 2015 17:05:17 +0200

sched/core: Fix TASK_DEAD race in finish_task_switch()

So the problem this patch is trying to address is as follows:

CPU0 CPU1

context_switch(A, B)
ttwu(A)
LOCK A->pi_lock
A->on_cpu == 0
finish_task_switch(A)
prev_state = A->state <-.
WMB |
A->on_cpu = 0; |
UNLOCK rq0->lock |
| context_switch(C, A)
`-- A->state = TASK_DEAD
prev_state == TASK_DEAD
put_task_struct(A)
context_switch(A, C)
finish_task_switch(A)
A->state == TASK_DEAD
put_task_struct(A)

The argument being that the WMB will allow the load of A->state on CPU0
to cross over and observe CPU1's store of A->state, which will then
result in a double-drop and use-after-free.

Now the comment states (and this was true once upon a long time ago)
that we need to observe A->state while holding rq->lock because that
will order us against the wakeup; however the wakeup will not in fact
acquire (that) rq->lock; it takes A->pi_lock these days.

We can obviously fix this by upgrading the WMB to an MB, but that is
expensive, so we'd rather avoid that.

The alternative this patch takes is: smp_store_release(&A->on_cpu, 0),
which avoids the MB on some archs, but not important ones like ARM.

Reported-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@xxxxxxxxxx>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>
Acked-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: <stable@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx> # v3.1+
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>
Cc: linux-kernel@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Cc: manfred@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Cc: will.deacon@xxxxxxx
Fixes: e4a52bcb9a18 ("sched: Remove rq->lock from the first half of ttwu()")
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20150929124509.GG3816@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@xxxxxxxxxx>
---
kernel/sched/core.c | 10 +++++-----
kernel/sched/sched.h | 5 +++--
2 files changed, 8 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)

diff --git a/kernel/sched/core.c b/kernel/sched/core.c
index 6159531..10a8faa 100644
--- a/kernel/sched/core.c
+++ b/kernel/sched/core.c
@@ -2517,11 +2517,11 @@ static struct rq *finish_task_switch(struct task_struct *prev)
* If a task dies, then it sets TASK_DEAD in tsk->state and calls
* schedule one last time. The schedule call will never return, and
* the scheduled task must drop that reference.
- * The test for TASK_DEAD must occur while the runqueue locks are
- * still held, otherwise prev could be scheduled on another cpu, die
- * there before we look at prev->state, and then the reference would
- * be dropped twice.
- * Manfred Spraul <manfred@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
+ *
+ * We must observe prev->state before clearing prev->on_cpu (in
+ * finish_lock_switch), otherwise a concurrent wakeup can get prev
+ * running on another CPU and we could rave with its RUNNING -> DEAD
+ * transition, resulting in a double drop.
*/
prev_state = prev->state;
vtime_task_switch(prev);
diff --git a/kernel/sched/sched.h b/kernel/sched/sched.h
index 68cda11..6d2a119 100644
--- a/kernel/sched/sched.h
+++ b/kernel/sched/sched.h
@@ -1078,9 +1078,10 @@ static inline void finish_lock_switch(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *prev)
* After ->on_cpu is cleared, the task can be moved to a different CPU.
* We must ensure this doesn't happen until the switch is completely
* finished.
+ *
+ * Pairs with the control dependency and rmb in try_to_wake_up().
*/
- smp_wmb();
- prev->on_cpu = 0;
+ smp_store_release(&prev->on_cpu, 0);
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_SPINLOCK
/* this is a valid case when another task releases the spinlock */
--
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