SATA hdd refuses to reallocate a sector?

From: Pavel Machek
Date: Sun Jun 23 2013 - 06:19:51 EST

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Hi!

This may very well be hw problem, but...

I have error on sda4. I tried to make hdd reallocate it by writing
zeros there, but it will not. Is there special kind of write that
needs to be done to force reallocation?

Would it be possible to indicate errors when writing to known-bad
sector?

root@amd:~# time cat /dev/zero > /dev/sda4
cat: write error: No space left on device

real 9m47.083s
user 0m0.264s
sys 1m24.424s
root@amd:~# time cat /dev/sda4 | wc -c
cat: /dev/sda4: Input/output error
8959361024

real 5m9.784s
user 0m0.544s
sys 2m11.620s
root@amd:~# time cat /dev/sda1 | wc -c
797852160

real 0m23.479s
user 0m0.040s
sys 0m5.492s

dmesg says:

...
wlan0: authenticated
iwl3945 0000:03:00.0 wlan0: disabling HT as WMM/QoS is not supported by the AP
iwl3945 0000:03:00.0 wlan0: disabling VHT as WMM/QoS is not supported by the AP
wlan0: associate with 00:11:95:05:30:d7 (try 1/3)
wlan0: RX AssocResp from 00:11:95:05:30:d7 (capab=0x401 status=0 aid=2)
wlan0: associated
ata1.00: exception Emask 0x0 SAct 0xf SErr 0x0 action 0x0
ata1.00: irq_stat 0x40000001
ata1.00: failed command: READ FPDMA QUEUED
ata1.00: cmd 60/a8:00:b9:51:4b/00:00:39:00:00/40 tag 0 ncq 86016 in
res 41/04:a8:c0:50:4b/00:00:39:00:00/00 Emask 0x1 (device error)
ata1.00: status: { DRDY ERR }
ata1.00: error: { ABRT }
ata1.00: failed command: READ FPDMA QUEUED
ata1.00: cmd 60/58:08:61:52:4b/00:00:39:00:00/40 tag 1 ncq 45056 in
res 41/04:a8:c0:50:4b/00:00:39:00:00/00 Emask 0x1 (device error)
ata1.00: status: { DRDY ERR }
ata1.00: error: { ABRT }
ata1.00: failed command: READ FPDMA QUEUED
ata1.00: cmd 60/a8:10:b9:50:4b/00:00:39:00:00/40 tag 2 ncq 86016 in
res 41/40:a8:c0:50:4b/00:00:39:00:00/00 Emask 0x409 (media error) <F>
ata1.00: status: { DRDY ERR }
ata1.00: error: { UNC }
ata1.00: failed command: READ FPDMA QUEUED
ata1.00: cmd 60/58:18:61:51:4b/00:00:39:00:00/40 tag 3 ncq 45056 in
res 41/04:a8:c0:50:4b/00:00:39:00:00/00 Emask 0x1 (device error)
ata1.00: status: { DRDY ERR }
ata1.00: error: { ABRT }
ata1.00: configured for UDMA/133
sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Unhandled sense code
sd 0:0:0:0: [sda]
Result: hostbyte=0x00 driverbyte=0x08
sd 0:0:0:0: [sda]
Sense Key : 0x3 [current] [descriptor]
Descriptor sense data with sense descriptors (in hex):
72 03 11 04 00 00 00 0c 00 0a 80 00 00 00 00 00
39 4b 50 c0
sd 0:0:0:0: [sda]
ASC=0x11 ASCQ=0x4
sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] CDB:
cdb[0]=0x28: 28 00 39 4b 50 b9 00 00 a8 00
end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 961237184
Buffer I/O error on device sda4, logical block 17498759
Buffer I/O error on device sda4, logical block 17498760
Buffer I/O error on device sda4, logical block 17498761
Buffer I/O error on device sda4, logical block 17498762
Buffer I/O error on device sda4, logical block 17498763
Buffer I/O error on device sda4, logical block 17498764
Buffer I/O error on device sda4, logical block 17498765
Buffer I/O error on device sda4, logical block 17498766
Buffer I/O error on device sda4, logical block 17498767
Buffer I/O error on device sda4, logical block 17498768
ata1: EH complete
ata1.00: exception Emask 0x0 SAct 0xa SErr 0x0 action 0x0
ata1.00: irq_stat 0x40000008
ata1.00: failed command: READ FPDMA QUEUED
ata1.00: cmd 60/01:18:c0:50:4b/00:00:39:00:00/40 tag 3 ncq 512 in
res 41/40:01:c0:50:4b/00:00:39:00:00/00 Emask 0x409 (media error) <F>
ata1.00: status: { DRDY ERR }
ata1.00: error: { UNC }
ata1.00: configured for UDMA/133
sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Unhandled sense code
sd 0:0:0:0: [sda]
Result: hostbyte=0x00 driverbyte=0x08
sd 0:0:0:0: [sda]
Sense Key : 0x3 [current] [descriptor]
Descriptor sense data with sense descriptors (in hex):
72 03 11 04 00 00 00 0c 00 0a 80 00 00 00 00 00
39 4b 50 c0
sd 0:0:0:0: [sda]
ASC=0x11 ASCQ=0x4
sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] CDB:
cdb[0]=0x28: 28 00 39 4b 50 c0 00 00 01 00
end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 961237184
ata1: EH complete

Disk seems mostly healthy otherwise, smart says:

smartctl 5.40 2010-07-12 r3124 [i686-pc-linux-gnu] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-10 by Bruce Allen, http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net

=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family: Seagate Momentus 5400.6 series
Device Model: ST9500325AS
Serial Number: 5VE41HDA
Firmware Version: 0001SDM1
User Capacity: 500,107,862,016 bytes
Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
ATA Version is: 8
ATA Standard is: ATA-8-ACS revision 4
Local Time is: Sun Jun 23 12:15:56 2013 CEST
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled

=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
See vendor-specific Attribute list for marginal Attributes.

General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x00) Offline data collection activity
was never started.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Disabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 121) The previous self-test completed having
the read element of the test failed.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: ( 0) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x73) SMART execute Offline immediate.
Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
No Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 1) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 145) minutes.
Conveyance self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes.
SCT capabilities: (0x103b) SCT Status supported.
SCT Error Recovery Control supported.
SCT Feature Control supported.
SCT Data Table supported.

SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 10
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x000f 111 099 006 Pre-fail Always - 241452207
3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0003 098 098 000 Pre-fail Always - 0
4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0032 099 099 020 Old_age Always - 1036
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 100 100 036 Pre-fail Always - 3
7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x000f 084 060 030 Pre-fail Always - 294188596
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 068 068 000 Old_age Always - 28248
10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0013 100 100 097 Pre-fail Always - 0
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 037 020 Old_age Always - 1023
184 End-to-End_Error 0x0032 100 100 099 Old_age Always - 0
187 Reported_Uncorrect 0x0032 074 074 000 Old_age Always - 26
188 Command_Timeout 0x0032 100 094 000 Old_age Always - 34360263770
189 High_Fly_Writes 0x003a 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
190 Airflow_Temperature_Cel 0x0022 052 045 045 Old_age Always In_the_past 48 (Lifetime Min/Max 20/55)
191 G-Sense_Error_Rate 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 1
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
193 Load_Cycle_Count 0x0032 001 001 000 Old_age Always - 1977103
194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0022 048 055 000 Old_age Always - 48 (0 6 0 0)
195 Hardware_ECC_Recovered 0x001a 051 029 000 Old_age Always - 241452207
197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0012 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0010 100 100 000 Old_age Offline - 0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x003e 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
254 Free_Fall_Sensor 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0

SMART Error Log Version: 1
ATA Error Count: 24 (device log contains only the most recent five errors)
CR = Command Register [HEX]
FR = Features Register [HEX]
SC = Sector Count Register [HEX]
SN = Sector Number Register [HEX]
CL = Cylinder Low Register [HEX]
CH = Cylinder High Register [HEX]
DH = Device/Head Register [HEX]
DC = Device Command Register [HEX]
ER = Error register [HEX]
ST = Status register [HEX]
Powered_Up_Time is measured from power on, and printed as
DDd+hh:mm:SS.sss where DD=days, hh=hours, mm=minutes,
SS=sec, and sss=millisec. It "wraps" after 49.710 days.

Error 24 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 28248 hours (1177 days + 0 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.

After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 00 ff ff ff 0f

Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
60 00 01 ff ff ff 4f 00 13d+01:29:41.468 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 00 a8 ff ff ff 4f 00 13d+01:29:41.468 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 00 58 ff ff ff 4f 00 13d+01:29:41.468 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 00 58 ff ff ff 4f 00 13d+01:29:41.467 READ FPDMA QUEUED
27 00 00 00 00 00 e0 00 13d+01:29:41.465 READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS EXT

Error 23 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 28248 hours (1177 days + 0 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.

After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 00 ff ff ff 0f

Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
60 00 58 ff ff ff 4f 00 13d+01:29:39.015 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 00 08 ff ff ff 4f 00 13d+01:29:38.699 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 00 a8 ff ff ff 4f 00 13d+01:29:38.699 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 00 a8 ff ff ff 4f 00 13d+01:29:38.699 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 00 a8 ff ff ff 4f 00 13d+01:29:38.698 READ FPDMA QUEUED

Error 22 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 28248 hours (1177 days + 0 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.

After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 00 ff ff ff 0f

Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
60 00 08 ff ff ff 4f 00 13d+01:08:08.641 READ FPDMA QUEUED
27 00 00 00 00 00 e0 00 13d+01:08:08.641 READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS EXT
ec 00 00 00 00 00 a0 00 13d+01:08:08.639 IDENTIFY DEVICE
ef 03 46 00 00 00 a0 00 13d+01:08:08.639 SET FEATURES [Set transfer mode]
27 00 00 00 00 00 e0 00 13d+01:08:08.638 READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS EXT

Error 21 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 28248 hours (1177 days + 0 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.

After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 00 ff ff ff 0f

Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
60 00 08 ff ff ff 4f 00 13d+01:08:06.101 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 00 00 ff ff ff 4f 00 13d+01:08:06.099 READ FPDMA QUEUED
27 00 00 00 00 00 e0 00 13d+01:08:06.098 READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS EXT
ec 00 00 00 00 00 a0 00 13d+01:08:06.097 IDENTIFY DEVICE
ef 03 46 00 00 00 a0 00 13d+01:08:06.096 SET FEATURES [Set transfer mode]

Error 20 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 28248 hours (1177 days + 0 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.

After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 00 ff ff ff 0f

Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
60 00 00 ff ff ff 4f 00 13d+01:07:55.327 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 00 00 ff ff ff 4f 00 13d+01:07:55.325 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 00 00 ff ff ff 4f 00 13d+01:07:55.324 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 00 00 ff ff ff 4f 00 13d+01:07:55.323 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 00 00 ff ff ff 4f 00 13d+01:07:55.320 READ FPDMA QUEUED

SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
Num Test_Description Status Remaining LifeTime(hours) LBA_of_first_error
# 1 Extended offline Completed: read failure 90% 28233 961237188
# 2 Extended offline Completed: read failure 90% 28227 961237188
# 3 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 23826 -
# 4 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 9419 -
# 5 Extended offline Completed without error 00% 40 -

SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
1 0 0 Not_testing
2 0 0 Not_testing
3 0 0 Not_testing
4 0 0 Not_testing
5 0 0 Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.

(Ok, this is slightly interesting:

12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 037 020 Old_age Always - 1023

AFAICT it indicates that power cycle count was too high but got
better. Ouch?)

Any ideas? Thanks,

Pavel

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